درجات خشونة الركبة

[خالد نجم]

درجات خشونة الركبة

درجات خشونة الركبة

خشونة الركبة هي خلل أو اضطراب يحدث في مفصل الركبة ناتج عن عدة أسباب من أشهرها التعرض للحوادث أو الإصابة بالتهاب مثل التهاب المفاصل الروماتويدي أو النقرس، وينتج عن هذه الإصابة ألم في الركبة والحد من قدرة الشخص على الحركة.

لا تحدث خشونة الركبة في العادة بشكل مفاجئ لكن يمكن أن تحدث أعراض كثيرة توضح أن هناك مشكلة صحية في مفصل الركبة وتتدرج الإصابة من حيث العلامات التي توضح أن الشخص مصاب بخشونة الركبة وبالتأكيد الكشف المبكر لها يساعد في الحد من زيادة الأعراض أو تضرر المفصل.

ما هي درجات أو مراحل خشونة الركبة؟
يوجد أربع درجات لخشونة الركبة وهي تحدث بالتدريج من المرحلة الأولى وحتى الرابعة والتعرف على الخشونة في المرحلة الأولى له عامل أساسي في الحفاظ على الغضروف المتآكل والحد من تأثير الخشونة على العضلات وأوتار الركبة.

يمكن أن تكون أعراض خشونة الركبة كالتالي:

الدرجة الأولى من خشونة الركبة

يمكن أن لا يتعرف الشخص بسهولة في المرحلة على لخشونة الركبة على إصابته ولكن تبدأ الأعراض في الظهور مبكرا منها وخز في الركبة أو انزعاج من طلوع السلم رغم سهولة الأمر من قبل، ومن الهام أن يحافظ الشخص على لياقته البدينة وتمارينه في هذه الفترة.

الدرجة الثانية من خشونة الركبة

في المرحلة الثانية تبدأ أعراض أكثر في الظهور منها الشعور بألم متقطع في الركبة خاصة عن الجلوس الخاطئ فترات طويلة، ويكون هناك فرصة أكبر للشعور بتيبس المفصل وعدم ارتياح عند ممارسة الأنشطة اليومية، يٌنصح في هذه المرحلة بعمل تمرينات تقوية للعضلات وتخفيف الوزن لتقلل التحميل على الركبة.

الدرجة الثالثة من خشونة الركبة

تتزايد الخطورة في هذه المرحلة على الركبة لأن الغضروف الزلالي الموجود بين العظام في مفصل الركبة يبدأ في الضمور ويسبب ألم أكبر عند الحركة وتزيد صعوبة صعود الدرج ويبدأ تورم الركبة في الظهور عند بعض الأشخاص، من الهام أن يستعين المريض بكمادات المياه الساخنة والباردة مع الحفاظ على ممارسة الرياضة المناسبة.

الدرجة الرابعة من خشونة الركبة

تعتبر المرحلة الرابعة من خشونة الركبة هي الأخطر بين الأربع مراحل لأن غضروف المفصل يكون وصل إلى مرحلة الضمور وقطعه مما يؤثر على أربطة الركبة ويكون المريض مُعرض أكثر لحدوث إعاقة في الحركة بسبب الألم الشديد الذي يشعر به، يمكن أن يلجأ الأطباء في هذه المرحلة إلى العلاج الجراحي.

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